Embodied Energy, Costs and Traffic in Different Settlement Patterns. Background projects and tools

Abstract

The objective of this report is to provide a state-of-the art review on relevant existing studies and tools that could be serve as inspiration for tool development and guidelines in the EE Settlement project. The report summarizes the methodological choices and the outcome of two Austrian projects, ZERsiedelt and ELAS, which are considered as a basis for developing a tool in EE Settlement. Relevant tools for buildings, infrastructure, transport and scenario planning from Austria and Nordic countries, and tools for cost analysis from Germany are also summarized. The report also highlights the limitations of existing approaches and helps define the scope for further work in the EE Settlement project.