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Comparison of the condition of steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete with water-glass and alkali-free activators after more than 20 years of service in a subsea road tunnel

dc.contributor.authorManquehual Mery, Cristobal Javier
dc.contributor.authorJakobsen, Pål Drevland
dc.contributor.authorHolter, Karl Gunnar
dc.contributor.authorDe Weerdt, Klaartje
dc.contributor.authorDanner, Tobias Alexander
dc.contributor.authorBruland, Amund
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-18T06:51:28Z
dc.date.available2022-03-18T06:51:28Z
dc.date.created2022-03-10T09:23:46Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.issn0950-0618
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2986006
dc.description.abstractThe in-service condition of steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete installed more than 20 years ago as single-shell rock support lining in the Nordkapp subsea road tunnel was investigated. The novelty of this study is the comparison of shotcrete with water–glass and alkali-free activators in a saline groundwater environment. The lowest shotcrete density was obtained at joints between two adjacent shotcrete layers. In the case of alkali-free accelerator, ettringite enrichment was observed in these joints. Leaching appeared to be the main degradation mechanism in the outermost 10–15 cm towards the traffic room.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectXRD
dc.subjectμ-XRF
dc.subjectSprayed concrete
dc.subjectSulfur
dc.subjectLeaching
dc.subjectChloride
dc.titleComparison of the condition of steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete with water-glass and alkali-free activators after more than 20 years of service in a subsea road tunnel
dc.typePeer reviewed
dc.typeJournal article
dc.description.versionpublishedVersion
dc.rights.holder© 2022 The Authors
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Teknologi: 500
dc.source.volume328
dc.source.journalConstruction and Building Materials
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127090
dc.identifier.cristin2008696
dc.source.articlenumber127090
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode2


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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as CC BY 4.0