• A continuous OT cybersecurity risk analysis and Mitigation process 

      Hanssen, Geir Kjetil; Thieme, Christoph Alexander; Bjarkø, Andrea Vik; Lundteigen, Mary Ann; Bernsmed, Karin Elisabeth; Jaatun, Martin Gilje (Chapter, 2023)
      Operational Technology (OT) systems are becoming increasingly software-driven and connected. This creates new digitalization opportunities but can also increase the risk of cyber security breaches than can have severe ...
    • D2.2 Updated cyber risk assessment for the maritime industry 

      Meland, Per Håkon; Bernsmed, Karin; Wille, Egil; Rødseth, Ørnulf Jan; Nesheim, Dag Atle (SINTEF Rapport;2021:00341, Research report, 2021)
      This report presents an updated assessment of the cyberthreat landscape in the context of CySiMS-SE. It is based on the previous work from CySiMS “D1.1 Risk Model and Analysis” and the methodology from CySiMS-SE “D2.1 ...
    • D2.3 CySiMS Cyber Event Exercise Handbook 

      Bernsmed, Karin; Borgaonkar, Ravishankar Bhaskarrao (SINTEF rapport;2021:00319, Research report, 2021)
      This document is a handbook for developing cyber event exercises relevant for the intended users of the CySiMS-SE secure communication solution. The document includes a selected set of scenarios that are relevant to ...
    • D4.3 Multi-modal communication - Securing future communication across different sectors and technologies 

      Bernsmed, Karin; Bour, Guillaume; Meland, Per Håkon; Borgaonkar, Ravishankar Bhaskarrao; Wille, Egil (SINTEF rapport;2021:00314, Research report, 2021)
      This document introduces the concept of multi-modal communication, using the coordination of a Search and Rescue (SAR) operation as an illustrating scenario, identifies challenges for secure information exchange and ...
    • An evaluation of practitioners’ perceptions of a security risk assessment methodology in air traffic management projects 

      Bernsmed, Karin; Bour, Guillaume; Lundgren, Martin; Bergström, Erik (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Cyber security is a key enabler for safe Air Traffic Management (ATM). This paper presents results from an empirical study, in which we have investigated and evaluated the use of the Security Risk Assessment Methodology ...
    • Implications of Cyber Security to Safety Approval in Railway 

      Okstad, Eivind Halvard; Bains, Robert; Myklebust, Thor; Jaatun, Martin Gilje (Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The railway domain has a justifiable preoccupation with safety, but less of a focus on cyber security. This could result in the risk of cyber security flaws in current railway systems being unacceptably high. However, in ...
    • On the Certificate Revocation Problem in the Maritime Sector 

      Bour, Guillaume; Bernsmed, Karin; Meland, Per Håkon; Borgaonkar, Ravishankar Bhaskarrao (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Maritime shipping is currently undergoing rapid digitalization, but with increasing exposure to cyber threats, there is a need to improve the security of the ship communication technology used during operations across ...
    • Water-Tight IoT–Just Add Security 

      Bour, Guillaume Nicolas; Bosco, Camillo; Ugarelli, Rita Maria; Jaatun, Martin Gilje (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      The security of IoT-based digital solutions is a critical concern in the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies. These solutions are increasingly being used to support the interoperability of critical infrastructure, such ...
    • With a Little Help from Your Friends: Collaboration with Vendors During Smart Grid Incident Response Exercises 

      Langås, Mari; Løfqvist, Sanna; Katt, Basel; Haugan, Thomas Sagvold; Jaatun, Martin Gilje (Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The introduction of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) into conventional power grids has resulted in a digitalized smart grid, enabling a more efficient and robust operation. However, it can also lead to ...