Blar i SINTEF Open på forfatter "Grande, Tor"
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A Thermodynamic Assessment of the Chemical Durability of Refractory Lining in Anode Baking Furnaces
Brandvik, Trond; Grande, Tor; Ratvik, Arne Petter (Journal article, 2016) -
Assessment of the Thermodynamic Stability of Thermal Insulating Materials in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells
Luneng, Raymond; Grande, Tor; Ratvik, Arne Petter (Journal article, 2016) -
Carbon cathode wear in aluminium electrolysis cells
Senanu, Samuel; Wang, Zhaohui; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Autopsies of six spent potlinings with different carbon cathode block grades, amperage regimes and cell technologies were conducted at three separate smelters to reveal possible mechanisms causing cathode wear. Microstructure ... -
Carbon Cathode Wear in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells
Senanu, Samuel; Wang, Zhaohui; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)Autopsies of six spent potlinings with different carbon cathode block grades, amperage regimes and cell designs were conducted at three separate smelters to reveal possible mechanisms causing cathode wear. The microstructure ... -
Cathode Wear in Electrowinning of Aluminum Investigated by a Laboratory Test Cell
Wang, Zhaohui; Nobakhtghalati, Saeid; Støre, Anne; Solheim, Asbjørn; Tschöpe, Kati; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series;2367-1181, Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)The lifetime of an aluminum electrolysis cell is mainly determined by the cathode wear, especially for high amperage cells utilizing graphitized carbon cathodes. The cathode wear mechanisms are, however, complex and still ... -
Chemical Durability of Thermal Insulating Materials in Hall-Héroult Electrolysis Cells
Luneng, Raymond; Bertel, Søren N.; Mikkelsen, Jørgen; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)The most common thermal insulating materials used in the cathode lining in aluminum electrolysis cells are Moler (diatomaceous earth), calcium silicate, or vermiculite based materials. The thermal insulation layer is ... -
Diffusion of alkali metals in the first stage graphite intercalation compounds by vdW-DFT calculations
Wang, Zhaohui; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor; Selbach, Sverre Magnus (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)Diffusion of alkali metal cations in the first stage graphite intercalation compounds (GIC) LiC6, NaC6, NaC8 and KC8 has been investigated with density functional theory (DFT) calculations using the optPBE-vdW van der Waals ... -
Formation of aluminium carbide in Hall-Héroult electrolysis cell environments
Novák, Bronislav; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Wang, Zhaohui; Grande, Tor (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)The formation and dissolution of aluminium carbide under conditions similar to the chemical and electrochemical environments in the Hall-Héroult process were studied in laboratory cells, including cells with reversed ... -
Formation of Carbon Build-Up on the Flue Wall of Anode Baking Furnace
Wang, Zhaohui; Rørvik, Stein; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series;2367-1181, Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)A hard carbon build-up layer often forms on the flue wall surface in anode baking furnaces. The layer accumulates over thermal circles and needs to be mechanically removed regularly to ensure sufficient space for the anodes ... -
Implications of water cooling of green anodes during anode baking – a thermodynamic study
Brandvik, Trond; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (Proceedings of the 36th International ICSOBA Conference;2018, Journal article, 2018)Water can be present in significant amounts in green anodes due to cooling with water after the forming process. The chemical environment in the pit can potentially be affected by the presence of water and may cause ... -
In situ monitoring of pit gas composition during baking of anodes for aluminum electrolysis
Brandvik, Trond; Gaertner, Heiko; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor; Aarhaug, Thor Anders (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019) -
Microstructural and compositional optimization of La0.5Ba0.5CoO3−δ—BaZr1−zYzO3−δ (z=0, 0.05 and 0.1) nanocomposite cathodes for protonic ceramic fuel cells
Rioja-Monllor, Laura; Bernuy-Lopez, Carlos; Fontaine, Marie-Laure; Grande, Tor; Einarsrud, Mari-Ann (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)Cathodes are one of the key components of protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) requiring further development to enhance the performance of PCFCs. This encompasses the optimization of material compositions and microstructures, ... -
Modified Pechini Synthesis of Oxide Powders and Thin Films
Sunde, Tor Olav Løveng; Grande, Tor; Einarsrud, Mari-Ann (Chapter, 2016)The modified Pechini method has become one of the most popular synthesis methods for complex oxide materials due to its simplicity and versatility. The method can be applied to synthesize nanocrystalline powders, bulk ... -
Role of Pitting in the Formation of Potholes in Carbon Cathodes - A Review
Senanu, Samuel; Grande, Tor; Ratvik, Arne Petter (Journal article, 2016) -
Synthesis and characterization of hybrid aminopropyl silane-based coatings on stainless steel substrates
Hanetho, Sidsel Meli; Kaus, Ingeborg; Simon, Christian; Bouzga, Aud Mjærum; Grande, Tor; Einarsrud, Mari-Ann (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014)Transparent and homogeneous hybrid aminopropyl silane-based coatings on steel were prepared by the sol–gel method using hydrolyzed γ-APS as a precursor. The coatings were fabricated by dip coating, and the effect of pH, ... -
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Thermal Insulating Materials Exposed to Sodium Vapor
Luneng, Raymond; Wang, Zhaohui; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)