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dc.contributor.authorRisholm, Petter
dc.contributor.authorThorstensen, Jostein Bruun
dc.contributor.authorThielemann, Jens T
dc.contributor.authorKaspersen, Kristin
dc.contributor.authorTschudi, Jon
dc.contributor.authorYates, Chris
dc.contributor.authorSoftley, Chris
dc.contributor.authorAbrosimov, Igor
dc.contributor.authorAlexander, Jonathan
dc.contributor.authorHaugholt, Karl Henrik
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-19T05:29:09Z
dc.date.available2018-10-19T05:29:09Z
dc.date.created2018-10-17T08:23:09Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.citationApplied Optics. 2018, 57 (14), 3927-3937.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn1559-128X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2568745
dc.description.abstractWe present a range-gated camera system designed for real-time (10 Hz) 3D estimation underwater. The system uses a fast-shutter CMOS sensor (1280×1024 1280×1024 ) customized to facilitate gating with 1.67 ns (18.8 cm in water) delay steps relative to the triggering of a solid-state actively Q -switched 532 nm laser. A depth estimation algorithm has been carefully designed to handle the effects of light scattering in water, i.e., forward and backward scattering. The raw range-gated signal is carefully filtered to reduce noise while preserving the signal even in the presence of unwanted backscatter. The resulting signal is proportional to the number of photons that are reflected during a small time unit (range), and objects will show up as peaks in the filtered signal. We present a peak-finding algorithm that is robust to unwanted forward scatter peaks and at the same time can pick out distant peaks that are barely higher than peaks caused by sensor and intensity noise. Super-resolution is achieved by fitting a parabola around the peak, which we show can provide depth precision below 1 cm at high signal levels. We show depth estimation results when scanning a range of 8 m (typically 1–9 m) at 10 Hz. The results are dependent on the water quality. We are capable of estimating depth at distances of over 4.5 attenuation lengths when imaging high albedo targets at low attenuation lengths, and we achieve a depth resolution () (σ)ranging from 0.8 to 9 cm, depending on signal level.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.titleReal-time super-resolved 3D in turbid water using a fast range-gated CMOS cameranb_NO
dc.title.alternativeReal-time super-resolved 3D in turbid water using a fast range-gated CMOS cameranb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber3927-3937nb_NO
dc.source.volume57nb_NO
dc.source.journalApplied Opticsnb_NO
dc.source.issue14nb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1364/AO.57.003927
dc.identifier.cristin1620929
cristin.unitcode7401,90,41,0
cristin.unitnameOptiske målesystemer og dataanalyse
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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