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dc.contributor.authorLindstad, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.authorEskeland, Gunnar
dc.date.accessioned2017-11-02T18:25:57Z
dc.date.available2017-11-02T18:25:57Z
dc.date.created2016-05-15T21:28:11Z
dc.date.issued2016-08
dc.identifier.citationTransportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2016, 47 67-76.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn1361-9209
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2463834
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT Emission regulations for Sulphur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are motivated by health- and other environmental objectives in local and regional settings, while global warming concerns motivate policies for carbon dioxide (CO2). We point out that the direction chosen by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) – to tighten SOx and NOx limits globally - carries important risks. First, extending to a global setting the present regulations in coastal emission control areas (ECAs, in North America and Northern Europe) gives negligible or negative environmental benefits, and raises global warming impacts. Second, ‘end-of-pipe’ solutions, such as scrubbing and tuning, become dominant responses, and they reduce energy efficiency. Third, the adoption of these end-of-pipe solutions carry risks of deflecting attention from development of cleaner fuels and improving energy efficiency. Distinguishing local environmental benefits from global ones is important in general, and our research concludes that in the case of shipping, this distinction better serves the needs of the local environment, the global climate, and conserves on abatement costs.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse-Ikkekommersiell-DelPåSammeVilkår 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.no*
dc.subjectShipping and the environmentnb_NO
dc.subjectGreenhouse gasesnb_NO
dc.subjectAbatement cost and optionsnb_NO
dc.subjectMARPOLnb_NO
dc.subjectIMOnb_NO
dc.titleEnvironmental regulations in shipping: Policies leaning towards globalization of scrubbers deserve scrutinynb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionacceptedVersionnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber67-76nb_NO
dc.source.volume47nb_NO
dc.source.journalTransportation Research Part D: Transport and Environmentnb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.trd.2016.05.004
dc.identifier.cristin1355828
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 237917nb_NO
cristin.unitcode7566,7,0,0
cristin.unitnameMaritim
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextpostprint
cristin.qualitycode2


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