• Climate Change and Fate of Arctic Oil Spills 

      Nordam, Tor; Beegle-Krause, Cynthia Juyne; Reed, Mark (Chapter, 2016-06)
      To investigate how the fate of oil released in the Arctic Ocean may change with a warmer climate, we have performed ensembles of oil spill simulations using Arctic environmental information (winds, currents, ice cover, ...
    • Convergence of Ensemble Simulations for Environmental Risk Assessment 

      Nordam, Tor; Brönner, Ute; Daae, Ragnhild Lundmark (Chapter, 2016-06)
      Ensemble simulations of oil fate and transport for a hypothetical oil spill, sometimes referred to as "stochastic simulations", are frequently used for environmental risk assessment related to offshore operations. In this ...
    • Impact of climate change and seasonal trends on the fate of Arctic oil spills 

      Nordam, Tor; Dunnebier, Dorien; Beegle-Krause, Cynthia Juyne; Reed, Mark; Slagstad, Dag (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-24)
      We investigated the effects of a warmer climate, and seasonal trends, on the fate of oil spilled in the Arctic. Three well blowout scenarios, two shipping accidents and a pipeline rupture were considered. We used ensembles ...
    • Long-term fate of Ra-226 originating from offshore produced water discharges 

      Skancke, Jørgen; Nordam, Tor (SINTEF report;A27746, Research report, 2016-06-23)
      Formation water in oil and gas fields contain elevated concentrations of several radionuclides compared with seawater. It is therefore of interest to track the fate of these radionuclides when they are released into the ...
    • Methane seeps - A desktop study 

      Nordam, Tor; Dissanayake, Anusha L.; Brakstad, Odd Gunnar (SINTEF Ocean rapporter;OC2021 A-006, Research report, 2021-02-19)
      We have conducted a literature review and a simplified one-dimensional modelling study on the fate of methane bubbles and dissolved methane in the water column originating from methane seeps. From the literature review, ...
    • Modelling biodegradation of crude oil components at low temperatures 

      Nordam, Tor; Lofthus, Synnøve; Brakstad, Odd Gunnar (Others, 2020-09)
      For oil spilled at sea, the main weathering processes are evaporation, emulsification, photo-oxidation, dispersion and biodegradation. Of these, only biodegradation may completely remove hydrocarbons from the environment ...
    • Modelling of oil thickness in the presence of an ice edge 

      Nordam, Tor; Litzler, Emma; Skancke, Jørgen; Singsaas, Ivar; Leirvik, Frode; Johansen, Øistein (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020-07)
      Oil slick thickness is a key parameter for the behaviour of oil spilled at sea. It influences evaporation and entrainment, viable response options, and the risk to marine life at the surface. Determining this value is ...
    • Numerical analysis of boundary conditions in a Lagrangian particle model for vertical mixing, transport and surfacing of buoyant particles in the water column 

      Nordam, Tor; Kristiansen, Ruben; Nepstad, Raymond; Röhrs, Johannes (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-04)
      Lagrangian particle models are used for many applications in the ocean sciences, including transport modelling of oil spills, fish eggs and larvae, plastics, and sediment particles. In the context of oil spill modelling, ...
    • Numerical Integration and Interpolation in Marine Pollutant Transport Modelling 

      Nordam, Tor; Brönner, Ute; Skancke, Jørgen; Nepstad, Raymond; Rønningen, Petter; Alver, Morten (Chapter, 2018)
      Transport modelling of oil and other chemicals in the ocean relies on information on curret velocity as a function of position and time, v(x, t). These data will in many cases be supplied from an ocean circulation model, ...
    • Numerical integrators for Lagrangian oceanography 

      Nordam, Tor; Duran, Rodrigo (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-01)
      A common task in Lagrangian oceanography is to calculate a large number of drifter trajectories from a velocity field pre-calculated with an ocean model. Mathematically, this is simply numerical integration of an Ordinary ...
    • Numerical modelling of (thin) oil films - Improved behaviour and life time of thin films in the OSCAR model 

      Brönner, Ute; Lewis, Alun; Johansen, Øistein; Nordam, Tor (SINTEF Ocean report;OC2017 A-181, Research report, 2017-09-21)
      The PETRO MAKS project "Formation and behaviour of thin oil films and evaluation of response methods including HSE", in the following short "Thin oil films" has the objective to achieve new knowledge more efficient and ...
    • Oil Spill Contingency and Response Modelling in Ice-Covered Waters 

      Nordam, Tor; Litzler, Emma; Rønningen, Petter; Aune, Joakim; Hagelien, Thomas Fjæstad; Beegle-Krause, Cynthia Juyne; Brönner, Ute (Chapter, 2018)
      This paper descibes several updates to SINTEFs Oil Spill Contingency and Response (OSCAR) model, which have significantly improved th emodelling of oil spills in cold and ice-covered waters. In addition to transport of ...
    • On the use of random walk schemes in oil spill modelling 

      Nordam, Tor; Nepstad, Raymond; Litzler, Emma; Röhrs, Johannes (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-09)
      In oil spill models, vertical mixing due to turbulence is commonly modelled by random walk. If the eddy diffusivity varies with depth, failing to take the derivative of the diffusivity into account in the random walk scheme ...
    • Oxidation of methane in seawater - Laboratory experiments and the use of models - OC2022 A-114 

      Brakstad, Odd Gunnar; Nordam, Tor; Øverjordet, Ida B.; Almås, Inger Kjersti; Rønsberg, Marianne Unaas; Molid, Marianne A.; Aas, Marianne; Hakvåg, Sigrid (SINTEF Ocean rapporter;OC2022 A-114, Research report, 2022-12-16)
      Oxidation of methane was determined in this project by two methods: Stable isotope analyses (13CH4) and by the use of tritium-labelled methane (3H-CH4). The intentions of the project were to obtain methane oxidation rates ...
    • Spreading of waxy Crude Oils on calm weather 

      Brönner, Ute; Johansen, Øistein; Leirvik, Frode; Nordam, Tor; Sørheim, Kristin Rist (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-04)
      The objective of this paper is to provide a simple extension of the much-used gravity spreading model for oil on calm water to account for the spreading behavior of waxy crude oils in cold waters – including the observed ...
    • The effect of vertical mixing on the horizontal drift of oil spills 

      Röhrs, Johannes; Dagestad, Knut-Frode; Asbjørnsen, Helene; Nordam, Tor; Skancke, Jørgen; Jones, Cathleen; Brekke, Camilla (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-21)
      Vertical and horizontal transport mechanisms for marine oil spills are investigated using numerical model simulations. To realistically resolve the 3-D development of a spill on the ocean surface and in the water column, ...