• Adapting to climate change: snow load assessment of snow galleries on the Iron Ore Line in Northern Sweden 

      Saback, Vanessa; Gonzalez-Libreros, Jaime; Daescu, Cosmin; Popescu, Cosmin; Garmabaki, A.H.S.; Sas, Gabriel (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2024)
      The snow galleries along the Iron Ore railway line in Northern Sweden have faced problems in recent years due to increasingly large snow loads, and several galleries have been damaged. These incidents motivated an evaluation ...
    • Approaches, technologies and importance of analysis of the number of train travellers 

      Sørensen, Anette Østbø; Olsson, Nils; Akhtar, Muhammad Mohsin; Bull-Berg, Heidi (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Several studies have pointed to the difficulties of obtaining good data on train ridership. This paper is a literature review on how the number of travellers on trains are measured, including technologies and practices for ...
    • Cybersecurity in railway - alternatives of independent assessors’ involvement in cybersecurity assurance 

      Okstad, Eivind Halvard; Bains, Robert; Mewcha, Abera Hailu; Flå, Lars Halvdan; Bernsmed, Karin Elisabeth (Chapter, 2023)
      Cybersecurity and related security management become important issues in railway projects and operations when implementing new digitalised technology. The railway industry is facing an increasing degree of digitalisation ...
    • Drawing with SAT: four methods and A tool for producing railway infrastructure schematics 

      Luteberget, Bjørnar Steinnes; Johansen, Christian (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Schematic drawings showing railway tracks and equipment are commonly used to visualize railway operations and to communicate system specifications and construction blueprints. Recent advances in on-line collaboration and ...
    • Evaluating non-functional qualities in railway by applying the quality triage method - A case study 

      Okstad, Eivind Halvard; Løkberg, Ola; Bains, Robert (Chapter, 2022)
      The railway industry is undergoing modernization and development with increasing use of new technology and digitalisation. In addition to physical security requirements, systems need to be secured against cyberattacks from ...
    • Implications of Cyber Security to Safety Approval in Railway 

      Okstad, Eivind Halvard; Bains, Robert; Myklebust, Thor; Jaatun, Martin Gilje (Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The railway domain has a justifiable preoccupation with safety, but less of a focus on cyber security. This could result in the risk of cyber security flaws in current railway systems being unacceptably high. However, in ...
    • Safety when implementing digital Technology and Infrastructure. 

      Stene, Trine Marie (Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference(ESREL);, Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Increasing critical infrastructure (CI) resilience is a European strategy to enhance safety and security. A digital radio standard for the rail have been developed by The International Union of Railways (UIC) - The Global ...
    • Safety when implementing digital Technology and Infrastructure. 

      Stene, Trine Marie (Chapter, 2019)
      Increasing critical infrastructure (CI) resilience is a European strategy to enhance safety and security. A digital radio standard for the rail have been developed by The International Union of Railways (UIC) - The Global ...
    • Use of mobile phone data for analysis of number of train travellers 

      Sørensen, Anette Østbø; Bjelland, Johannes; Bull-Berg, Heidi; Landmark, Andreas D.; Akhtar, Muhammad Mohsin; Olsson, Nils (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Several studies have pointed to the difficulties of obtaining good data on train ridership. There are at least two challenges regarding these data. First, train operators consider such data confidential business information, ...
    • Use of mobile phone data for analysis of number of train travellers 

      Sørensen, Anette Østbø; Bjelland, Johannes; Bull-Berg, Heidi; Landmark, Andreas D.; Akhtar, Muhammad Mohsin; Olsson, Nils (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Several studies have pointed to the difficulties of obtaining good data on train ridership. There are at least two challenges regarding these data. First, train operators consider such data confidential business information, ...