• Biocarbon in the Aluminium Industry: A Review 

      Senanu, Samuel; Solheim, Asbjørn (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series;2367-1181, Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Reduced fossil carbon footprint is currently a hot topic in the metal-producing industries. Replacement of fossil carbon with bio-based equivalents is thus an important topic also for the primary aluminium industry. Several ...
    • Carbon cathode wear in aluminium electrolysis cells 

      Senanu, Samuel; Wang, Zhaohui; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Autopsies of six spent potlinings with different carbon cathode block grades, amperage regimes and cell technologies were conducted at three separate smelters to reveal possible mechanisms causing cathode wear. Microstructure ...
    • Carbon Cathode Wear in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells 

      Senanu, Samuel; Wang, Zhaohui; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Grande, Tor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      Autopsies of six spent potlinings with different carbon cathode block grades, amperage regimes and cell designs were conducted at three separate smelters to reveal possible mechanisms causing cathode wear. The microstructure ...
    • Dissolution and Online Monitoring of Nd and Pr Oxides in NdF3-PrF3-LiF Electrolytes 

      Senanu, Samuel; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Gudbrandsen, Henrik; Martinez, Ana Maria Cuellar; Støre, Anne; Gebarowski, Wojciech (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Concentrations of dissolved rare earth metal oxides, Nd2O3, and Pr2O3 or their mixtures in different fluoride electrolytes composed of NdF3, PrF3, and LiF at ca. 1040 °C were monitored using a graphite probe inserted into ...
    • Feasibility of Biochar from Seaweed for Ferroalloy Production 

      Senanu, Samuel; Sandquist, Judit; Skjermo, Jorunn; Rørvik, Stein; Windfeldt, Magnus Kyrre (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2024)
      Biochar from seaweed, specifcally sugar kelp, cultivated on the Norwegian coastline has been investigated as a possible biocarbon source for the metal industry to reduce the dependency on terrestrial biomass. Pre-processing ...
    • Recovery of Li, Co, Cu and Ni by Molten Salt Chlorination 

      Osen, Karen Sende; Martinez Cuellar, Ana Maria; Støre, Anne; Solem, Cathrine Kyung Won; Wang, Zhaohui; Molvik, Kent-Robert; Roll-Matthiesen, Aksel; Sundby, Stian; Senanu, Samuel (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2024)
      The recent exponential growth in the Li ion batteries (LIB) market, is largely driven by the demand for electric vehicles and the general transition to a green and digital economy. It is therefore imperative to develop ...
    • Recycling of the Flue Gas from Aluminium Electrolysis Cells 

      Solheim, Asbjørn; Senanu, Samuel (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series;2367-1181, Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Recycling of the flue gas from aluminium reduction cells is a possible method for increasing the CO2 concentration, thereby enabling CO2 capture. The present paper represents a preliminary study concerning some of the ...
    • Role of Pitting in the Formation of Potholes in Carbon Cathodes - A Review 

      Senanu, Samuel; Grande, Tor; Ratvik, Arne Petter (Journal article, 2016)
    • Wetting of Carbon Cathodes by Molten Electrolyte and Aluminium 

      Senanu, Samuel; Ratvik, Arne Petter; Wang, Zhaohui; Grande, Tor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      The extent to which the carbon cathode is wetted by molten electrolyte or molten aluminium metal is important for understanding the cathode wear during aluminium electrolysis. The present paper reports on a laboratory study ...